An Integrated Framework Using Petri Nets and Graph Theory for Agrotourism Network Analysis in Albania

Authors

  • Gjovalin Deda Department of Computer Science, Faculty of Information Technology, Aleksandër Moisiu University, Durres, ALBANIA. Author
  • Orgest Zaka Agricultural University of Tirana image/svg+xml , Department of Mathematics-Informatics, Faculty of Economy and Agribusiness, Agricultural University of Tirana, ALBANIA. Author

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.71426/jasm.v2.i2.pp126-139

Keywords:

Petri Nets, Graph theory, Agrotourism, Network analysis, Process modeling.

Abstract

Albania has 270 certified agrotourism establishments generating over €12 million annually. Operators face long waiting times, underutilized capacity, and supply chain delays. We propose an integrated framework combining Graph theory for structural network analysis with Timed Petri Nets for dynamic process modeling, applied to the Shkodra region. Using road distances from GIS and OpenStreetMap, we construct a weighted network of 40+ centers. Structural analysis identifies Harapi (degree 4, betweenness 0.35) and Faqedol (degree 3) as the most central nodes. Accessibility analysis reveals high spatial inequality (CV = 0.52). We build and simulate a Timed Petri Net model in CPN Tools, parameterized with site visit data. The tourist flow model identifies the activity stage as the primary bottleneck (90% utilization). The supply chain model shows processing as the main constraint (4 hours average). We propose a practical step-by-step implementation framework for applying Petri Nets in agrotourism. Combined structural and dynamic analysis shows that targeted interventions can increase throughput by 30%, from 45 to 60 tourists per day.

Author Biographies

  • Gjovalin Deda, Department of Computer Science, Faculty of Information Technology, Aleksandër Moisiu University, Durres, ALBANIA.

    i) PhD -Student, in Department of Mathematics-Informatics, Faculty of Economy and Agribusiness, Agricultural University of Tirana, Tirana, ALBANIA.

    ii) Assistant Lecture in Department of Computer Science,  Faculty of Information Technology, "Aleksander Moisiu" University, Durres, ALBANIA.

  • Orgest Zaka, Agricultural University of Tirana, Department of Mathematics-Informatics, Faculty of Economy and Agribusiness, Agricultural University of Tirana, ALBANIA.

    i) Associate Professor in Department of Mathematics-Informatics, Faculty of Economy and Agribusiness, Agricultural University of Tirana, Tirana, ALBANIA.

    ii) Scientific Supervisor for PhD student, Mr. Gjovalin Deda.

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Published

2026-09-02

Issue

Vol. 2 No. 2 (2026): Volume 2, Issue 2, July - December 2026

Section

Research Article

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Copyright (c) 2026 Gjovalin Deda, Orgest Zaka (Author)

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How to Cite

[1]
G. Deda and O. Zaka, “An Integrated Framework Using Petri Nets and Graph Theory for Agrotourism Network Analysis in Albania”, Journal of Applied Sciences and Modelling, vol. 2, no. 2, pp. 126–139, Sep. 2026, doi: 10.71426/jasm.v2.i2.pp126-139.